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🧪 Urine RME / Urinogram – Full Details

🔹 Test Name

Urine RME / Urinogram
(Routine & Microscopic Examination of Urine)

🔹 Specimen

• Fresh midstream urine
• Preferably early morning sample
• Volume: 10–20 ml

1️⃣ Physical Examination (Macroscopic)

🔎 Abnormal indication

• Dark yellow → dehydration
• Red / smoky → hematuria
• Cloudy → infection / crystals

2️⃣ Chemical Examination (Dipstick)

🔎 Clinical significance

• Protein (+) → Kidney disease
• Sugar (+) → Diabetes mellitus
• Ketone (+) → DKA / starvation
• Nitrite (+) → UTI

3️⃣ Microscopic Examination

🩸 Cells

🔎

• RBC ↑ → stone, UTI, trauma
• Pus cell ↑ → urinary infection

🧫 Casts

🔎 Cast presence → renal pathology

💎 Crystals

🦠 Others

🩺 Common Clinical Uses

• UTI diagnosis
• Kidney disease screening
• Diabetes monitoring
• Pregnancy routine test
• Stone disease evaluation

📌 Sample Report Comment:

Urine RME shows normal physical and chemical parameters. Microscopic examination reveals RBC 0–2/HPF and pus cells within normal limits. No casts or crystals detected. Findings are within normal range.

Test Name: 24 Hours Urine Copper
Sample Type: 24-hour Urine
Sample Volume: Entire 24-hour urine collection (minimum 20 mL for analysis)
Container: Acid-washed / trace-element–free urine container
Preservative: As per laboratory protocol (usually dilute HCl)
Fasting Requirement: Not required
Test Method: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) / ICP-MS
Report Delivery (TAT): 3–5 Working Days

🧪 Test Name

24-Hour Urine Total Protein (UTP)

🎯 Purpose of the Test

This test measures the total amount of protein excreted in urine over 24 hours, which is essential for:

• Detection and monitoring of renal (kidney) disease
• Assessment of glomerular permeability
• Evaluation of nephrotic and nephritic syndromes
• Monitoring diabetic nephropathy
• Assessment of preeclampsia in pregnancy

🧫 Principle / Method

• Colorimetric method (e.g., Pyrogallol Red or Turbidimetric method)
• Total protein concentration is measured and multiplied by total urine volume collected over 24 hours

🧪 Specimen Requirement

• 24-hour urine sample
• Use a clean, wide-mouth container (2–3 liters)
• Preservative: As per laboratory protocol (if required)

🕒 Collection Instructions (Important)

1. Discard the first morning urine on Day 1
2. Collect all urine passed during the next 24 hours
3. Include the first morning urine of Day 2
4. Keep the container refrigerated or in a cool place during collection
5. Measure and record total urine volume

📊 Reference Range

🩺 Clinical Significance

• Mild elevation: Early renal disease, fever, exercise
• Moderate elevation: Chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy
• Severe elevation: Nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis

📌 Reporting Format (Example)

🧾 Sample Report Comment (Professional)

Twenty-four hour urine total protein is mildly elevated. Findings suggest proteinuria. Clinical correlation and nephrology evaluation are recommended.

⚠️ Important Notes

• Incomplete urine collection may cause inaccurate results
• Avoid strenuous exercise during collection period
• Urinary tract infection may falsely elevate protein levels

🧠 Commonly Advised With

• Serum creatinine
• eGFR
• Urine RME
• Urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR)

Specimen:
3 mL (2 mL min.) Serum from 1 SST. Ship refrigerated or frozen.

Stability:

Method:
CLIA / CMIA / ECLIA

Comment:
Measures total 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (Vitamin D₂ + Vitamin D₃) level in serum. It is the best indicator of Vitamin D status.

Price:
(As per laboratory tariff)

Report:
Daily

Usage:
Vitamin D3 deficiency may result from inadequate sunlight exposure, poor dietary intake, malabsorption, liver or kidney disorders, or increased physiological demand. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, bone mineralization, muscle function, and immune regulation. Deficiency may lead to osteomalacia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and increased fracture risk.

Doctor Specialty:
Endocrinologist, Orthopedician, Physician

Disease:
Vitamin D Deficiency, Bone Disorders, Osteoporosis, Health Checkup

Components:
25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (Total)

Courier Charges:
0.00

Home Collection:
Available

Test Name: 5α-Dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT)
Sample Type: Serum
Sample Volume: 2–3 mL
Container: Plain / Serum Separator Tube (SST)
Fasting Requirement: Not required
Test Method: Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) / ELISA / LC-MS
Report Delivery (TAT): 3–5 Working Days

Test Name: Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody (AChR Ab)
Sample Type: Serum
Sample Volume: 2–3 mL
Container: Plain / Serum Separator Tube (SST)
Fasting Requirement: Not required
Test Method: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) / Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
Report Delivery (TAT): 3–5 Working Days

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Test Name: Acid Phosphatase (Prostatic)
Sample Type: Serum
Sample Volume: 2–3 mL
Container: Plain / Serum Separator Tube (SST)
Fasting Requirement: Not required
Test Method: Photometric / Enzymatic Assay
Report Delivery (TAT): Same Day / Next Working Day

Test Name: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Sample Type: Plasma (EDTA)
Sample Volume: 2–3 mL
Container: EDTA (purple-top) tube, chilled immediately
Fasting Requirement: Not required, preferably morning collection
Test Method: Immunoassay / Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA)
Report Delivery (TAT): Same Day / Next Working Day

Test Name: Aldolase
Sample Type: Serum
Sample Volume: 2–3 mL
Container: Plain / Serum Separator Tube (SST)
Fasting Requirement: Not mandatory
Test Method: Enzymatic Spectrophotometric Assay
Report Delivery (TAT): Same Day / Next Working Day